(and include_once, require and require_once) are followed by "::" and theįilename of the included file. "php::" and include files are handled in a special way too. XdebugĬhanges internal PHP function names by prefixing the function name with The second column "Self" shows the time spent in this function (without itsĬhildren), the third column "Called" shows how often a specific function wasĬalled and the last column "Function" shows the name of the function. Pane showing all functions in your script sorted by time spent in this function, On the left side you find the "Flat Profile" Once the file is opened you have plenty of information available in theĭifferent panes of KCacheGrind. Analysing Profiles #Īfter a profile information file has been generated you can open it with Holds the profiling information for that request. This header contains the name of the file that Xdebug adds the HTTP header X-Xdebug-Profile-Filename to a The Chrome, Firefox, and SafariĮxtensions that can be used to enable the step debugger (see HTTP Debug Sessions) can also be used with The profiler by using an environment value, a GET/POST parameter, or COOKIE Xdebug.start_with_request#trigger to trigger. You can also selectively enable the profiler by setting Generated by the profiler can be enormous for complex scripts. You have enough space in your xdebug.output_dir as the amount of information You canĬhange the filename format with xdebug.profiler_output_name. The name of the generated fileĪlways starts with " cachegrind.out." and ends byĭefault with the PID (process ID) of the PHP (or Apache) process. Instructs Xdebug to start writing profiling information into the directoryĬonfigured with the xdebug.output_dir directive. Please refer to Configure PHP in the documentation to Starting The Profiler #ĭistribution specific PHP ini file, change (or set) the xdebug.mode setting to Package also comes with a perl script "ct_annotate" which produces ASCII outputįrom the profiler trace files. In case you can not use KDE (or do not want to use KDE) the kcachegrind There is also a web based front-end called Webgrind. If you are on Mac OSX, homebrew has a formula for QCacheGrind. (QCacheGrind is KCacheGrind without KDE bindings). If you are on Windows, there are precompiled QCacheGrindīinaries available. You can install KCacheGrind with your favourite package manager. Tool (Linux, KDE) to analyse your profiling data. Profiling information in the form of a Cachegrind compatible file. Information about how much memory is being used, and which functions and Your PHP code and determine bottlenecks or generally see which parts of yourĬode are slow and could use a speed boost. Xdebug's Profiler is a powerful tool that gives you the ability to analyse Script and visualize those with an external tool such as KCacheGrind or Xdebug's built-in profiler allows you to find bottlenecks in your
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The Song of Roland - Charlemagne’s Code of ChivalryĪ Code of Chivalry was documented in ‘The Song of Roland’ in the early 11th Century Medieval period of William the Conqueror. This further enhanced the ideals of the Code of Chivalry. Every Crusader had to swear “to defend to his uttermost the weak, the orphan, the widow and the oppressed he should be courteous, and women should receive his especial careâ€. The Church sanctified wars fought on behalf of the Church which were called Crusades. The Public ceremony of Knighthood followed a deeply religious ceremony with blessings from the Church to go forward and protect the church by the use of arms. To observe fasts and abstinences, and every day hear Mass and make an offering in Church.Never give evil counsel to a lady, whether married or not he must treat her with great respect and defend her against all.The Knight swore an oath of allegiance to the lord and swore the following oaths:.The entry into Knighthood was highly ritualised which started with a Night Vigil in the Chapel of the Castle Medieval Code of Chivalry - the Oaths made during the Knighthood Ceremony The Arthurian legend revolves around the Code of Chivalry followed by the Knights of the Round Table - Honour, Honesty, Valour and Loyalty. The myths of Arthurian Legends featuring King Arthur, Camelot and the Knights of the Round Table further strengthen the idea of a Medieval Code of Chivalry. The idea and ideals of a Medieval Code of Chivalry was publicised in the poems, ballads, writings and literary works of Medieval authors. These sacred oaths were combined with the ideals of chivalry and with strict rules of etiquette and conduct. The idea of the Code of Chivalry were emphasised by the oaths that were sworn in Knighthood ceremonies. The ‘Song of Roland’ describes the 8th century Knights and battles of the Emperor Charlemagne and has been described as Charlemagne’s Code of Chivalry. The Medieval Code of Chivalry was understood by all but a Code of Chivalry was documented in ‘The Song of Roland’ in the early Medieval period of William the Conqueror. Instead, Malory seems content to describe these contradictions as they are without reconciling them, and without explicitly condemning them to hypocrisy.There was not an authentic Medieval Code of Chivalry as such - it was a moral system which went beyond rules of combat and introduced the concept of Chivalrous conduct - qualities idealized by knighthood, such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry toward women. Besides, even this chivalric ideal is internally contradictory: the ideal of chastity is somewhat at odds with the ideal of defending a lady, for instance, and Malory never explicitly condemns Launcelot’s affair with Guenever-even though it leads to a tragic end-simply because their love is so strong and “pure,” and because Launcelot is such a skilled knight in other aspects. Malory thus shows how deep of a gap there is between the chivalric ideal and the sorry morals of those inhabiting it. For instance, only Galahad, who steers clear of both (mostly because he is so young and is also divinely fated to do so), can attain the Holy Grail, while the other knights are not “pure” enough-that is, they lack the greatest honor and chivalry. Indeed, Malory’s view of the knights and of Arthurian society in general often verges on the cynical, as he shows how various knights succumb to the temptations of lust or of the selfish search for glory. Conversely, Launcelot always grants mercy to a knight that asks for it, underlining his characterization as an honorable knight-in battle, if not in spiritual purity. Sir Gawaine, for instance, refuses to grant mercy to a man who asks for it (thus breaking part of the code) and, as his lover hurls herself forward to protect him, accidentally kills the lady-carrying the shame of this act with him for the rest of his adventures. Malory’s collected stories contrast the results of following the code of chivalry with what happens when a knight breaks that code or succumbs to temptation. This is a code that is meant to govern the knights’ actions throughout Le morte d’Arthur-however, Malory also takes care to show just how difficult, if not impossible, this code proves for many of the knights, as well as how it can be easily corrupted through circumstance and human folly. Chivalry includes showing mercy, fighting for good, and protecting ladies whenever they may be in harm. Every year, at the Christian feast of Pentecost, the Knights of the Round Table renew their oaths to follow the code of chivalry as proclaimed by King Arthur. Video Q is not the only criteria in my rating system - it also includes optics, 2d/3d inputs, portability,comfort factor so HMZ misses out on comfort/optics/portability - a straight no-no even if someone gives me to own for free. The fault is with Sony HMZ and st1080 - both failed to deliver so far The lack of great 35fov+ Headsets with HDMI is driving me nuts none exists in native SVGA except z800 & headplay I just needed the confirmation that fov is indeed 35 and u did that - thank u Sony HMZ - the design is a scarecrow for me the big semi helmet and the huge control box. There is only a small problem which is the screen is going a little to the left, it needs to be calibrated or adjusted.Suckmysound wrote:can someone post the FOV calculation - how much FOV ? dammi forgot how to calculate that i am sure from the review link The aspect ration doesn't matter when calculating diagonal FOV.įantastic work AngelJ - you are my savior. My search for personal video glasses is still ongoing, i have tried several including epson moveiro bt-200, cinemizers, as well as some vr systems, including oculus rift and galaxy gear vr. I recently tried and am in the process of returning the avegant glyph. In terms of video quality the best i have tried is the glyph but not by much, the glyph is heavier and difficult to adjust, with poor costumer support and a very narrow field of view. * Dimensions (Control box): 127 X 71 X 30mmĪt least seems better than vuzix 1200 I thought of creating a new topic for discussion as i'd found the reference somewhere on this site.ĪCCUPIX mybud 3D Viewer Head Mounted Display (Black) I don't think it works with my nexus 5 phone but the hdmi input workstext isn't readable maybe because i'm not using my glasses.Guys ! found this while i was researching for HDMI caoable HMD Īnd HDMI capable HMD with latest 3d support are very very few The accupix has a wider field ov view, image quality is acceptable.įor watching movies and gaming its very good, but i would not use as a monitor to read, as letters are blurry and difficult to read. Selling for usd$600 free worldwide shipping Ĭurrently neither HMZ nor st1080 seem perfect so this 'd fill the void while they [HMZ/st1080 better themselves in the times to come !Ī)is the FOV greater or lesser than vuzix 1200 ?ī)i think FOV 'd be better than that of cinemizer OLED ?Į)can it be powered by usb port current - seems not but i hope it does ?Īnyone who understands korean - any ideas ? Now - how much FOV does it work out ? can anybody help - my scientific calculator has crapped out.Įxit pupil as per review looks better than most other HMDs as per review link. Update : with some luck i cought the youtube video and the url of the company #ACCUPIX MYBUD HDMI FREE# I have high expectations with this - exit ppl being huge and my need for hdmi capable headset looks up to this ,Vuzix 1200 is a poop compared with this! #ACCUPIX MYBUD HDMI UPDATE# Unless HMZ gets complete facelift - my vote is strong no-noĪlso st1080 - they have too many QC issues to resolve before they provide a great product - new excuses for shoddy Q - tired of their crap !Ĭinemizer OLED - 30FOV for usd$800 - are they kidding the whole world even the fpv community is not amused so this is in all likelihood a vaporware ! So this might be the only thing to bank on at least for meĬybereality wrote:The FOV is the same as Vuzix 1200: 35 degrees diagonal. Probably not the best headset, and I doubt it could look anywhere near as good as something like the HMZ-T1. Also, there is no mention of what 3D formats it supports: frame-packing? side-by-side? etc. I don't know, maybe its OK, but for $600 I would expect more. Certainly if it were in the $200-300 range that would be something different. Well - usd$200-300 is not even that vuzix sells for ,vuzix 1200 is usd499 on us vuzix website that too non - hdmi. Suckmysound wrote:can someone post the FOV calculation - how much FOV ? dammi forgot how to calculate that i am sure from the review link I think reasons justify - that as better than vuzix !Ĭan someone post the FOV calculation - how much FOV ? dammi forgot how to calculate that i am sure from the review link ģD is SBS also it mentions 2d to 3d - dunno what it means for mybud ?īut if the FOV is 35 - i will pick this upģ)price same as vuzix 1200, has HDMI upto 1080p/i 50/60 Hz supported.3d SBS supported i think it has internal scaler that downscales - not too sure either. The aspect ration doesn't matter when calculating diagonal FOV.įantastic work AngelJ - you are my savior. Indio resident Kathrine Guinea, a 29-year-old front office assistant, is one of those frequent moviegoers that exhibitors hope keeps buying tickets as they try to stem a decline in movie attendance. “Latinos don't really have that big of representation in movies, but now Latino representation is being brought to life here in the eastern valley.” “This movie theater catering to our Latino population is great in general,” Villarreal said. She said it’s important to her to support local businesses, particularly one that aims to serve Latinos who seldomly see themselves reflected in Hollywood films. “They don't go as often as they’d like to, but having that would be a really good option for them.” “My grandparents would really enjoy that,” she said. Older members of her and her boyfriend’s families, she said, will enjoy the Spanish-language offerings. A regular filmgoer, Villarreal said she usually attends movies with her boyfriend when she’s not busy with school. Nyssa Villarreal, a 19-year-old Indio resident and student at College of the Desert, said she and her family are excited about the new theater. An updated report is expected this spring. population, Latinos bought 24 percent of all movie tickets sold in 2017 in North America, according to the most recent report by the Motion Picture Association of America. Though they represent just 18 percent of the U.S. Iñárritu and Guillermo del Toro have won best director at the Oscars five times in the last six years.ĭespite expanding amid widespread consolidation in the theater business due to increased competition from low-cost streaming options like Netflix, Esparza said his business is thriving because Latinos have consistently shown themselves to be the most loyal movie customer. Mexican directors like Cuarón, Alejandro G. Netflix's "Roma" is just the latest film by Mexican director Alfonso Cuarón to sweep the Academy Awards, winning three Oscars, including best foreign language picture and best directing. The growth of Maya Cinemas, which opened its first location in Salinas in 2003, comes as Mexico has entered yet another golden age of cinema. The concession stands also stock popular Mexican candy, in addition to the usual popcorn and chewy treats. And locations with bars, like the theater in North Las Vegas, can whip up margaritas and micheladas made with one's favorite Mexican lager for adult patrons. Like the old cinema houses Esparza used to visit in his childhood, Maya Cinemas, shows both first-run Hollywood films and Spanish-language films. Maya Cinemas offer the same high-end amenities moviegoers have come to expect, such as luxury recliners and assigned seating, as well as something a little extra to better serve Latino audiences, the most fervent movie-going segment, according to film industry figures. While Indio has Regal Cinemas Metro 8 Theater, many local residents say they prefer to travel to the new Century Theaters in La Quinta, which features recliner seating, a bar and expanded food options at their concession stands. More: College-bound Latinos seek to move from home, beyond family-first stereotype known as 'Familismo' More: Indio man identified in officer-involved shooting at Eisenhower Health in Rancho Mirage More: New 14-screen movie theater coming to Indio, a community Maya Cinemas sees as under-served “We’ve been looking at this area for a long time because it’s significantly underserved,” he said. Soon, Maya Cinemas will break ground on a brand, new 14-screen theater in north Indio on Avenue 42 near Monroe Ave, culminating a nearly 15-year effort by Esparza to bring a new theater to the eastern Coachella Valley. Since 2003, when he opened his first Maya Cinema in Salinas, Esparza has opened a half-dozen other locations mostly in California in cities with growing Latino middle- and working-class families like Bakersfiled, Fresno and most recently, North Las Vegas. Patrons flocked to watch films during Mexico's Golden Age of Cinema, which thrived from the 1930s to the early 1960s. The eventual collapse of the Mexican film industry in the 1980s, and shift by movie exhibitors who built multiplex in suburban malls locations, would starve Latino neighborhoods of local movie theater options.īut Esparza hopes to change that. “On Sunday afternoon, my whole family would go after church.”īefore its demolition in 1989, the Brooklyn Theater was among the last relics of the small cinema houses that showed both Hollywood and Mexican films in L.A. “My friends and I would go off on a Saturday morning and go to Brooklyn Theater and watch movies all day long,” said Esparza, a film producer whose 1997 biopic “Selena” launched Jennifer Lopez to stardom. Moctesuma Esparza, 70, fondly recalls spending weekends growing up in east Los Angeles watching first-run Hollywood and Mexican films at the local one-screen neighborhood movie house, long since razed. Watch Video: Diversity championed at Palm Springs Then they open their eyes, stare at the bar intently, and begin to recreate in reality what they just visualized. They close their eyes and often bob their heads up and down or even throw their heads backward a bit as they focus their imaginations and see themselves running up to the bar and thrusting their bodies over it. Most of them stand very still just before they start their run up to the bar. Leaning Out into the Future Have you ever observed an athlete right before a competition? The next time you watch the Olympics or World Track and Field Championships, watch the high jumpers. If you and your employees are not all seeing the exact same vision of what your company will look and feel like three years hence, there is no chance it will ever happen the way you see it in your mind today. The same Painted Picture, and that Painted Picture must be in sharp focus. Everyone in your organization must focus on It is not enough simply to create a Painted Picture. One caveat must be taken into account before you devote time and energy to creating a vision of your company three years out. How to develop these skills and envision the Painted Picture is the essential lesson of this chapter. Most entrepreneurs discover that it requires a set of skills that is very different from those they normally use. It may seem like a simple task, but experiencing that vision requires something more than looking at your business numbers. Creating this Painted Picture is the first step in doubling the size of your company. If revenue is supposed to triple or quadruple, what will that do to the company? How many people will need to be on board? Will you still be in the same offices? Will you have more than one location? Will you be providing different services? What might some of those look like? If creating a picture of your company is worth a thousand words, creating what I call a “Painted Picture” of your company is worth big money. Many people create goals for the future but don’t really have a vision of what their company will look like at that point. And to do that, you need to develop a detailed vision of the future. To achieve it, you need to prepare for fast growth. Who wouldn’t want to do that? But accepting this goal and realizing it are two different things. The goal of doubling your company’s size in three years is easy to accept. “Whatever the mind can conceive and believe, the mind can achieve.” -Napoleon Hill The song is written from the perspective of one of these inmates - he's afraid to leave because of what's out there. Metallica collaborated over a long period with producer Bob Rock, who produced all of the band's albums from 1990 to 2003 and served as a temporary bassist between the departure of Newsted and the hiring of Trujillo. by Metallica Album: Master Of Puppets ( 1986) License This Song lyrics artistfacts Songfacts®: A sanitarium is a mental institution that an inmate can leave at his own free will. by Metallica Album: Master Of Puppets ( 1986) License This Song lyrics artistfacts Songfacts: A sanitarium is a mental institution that an inmate can leave at his own free will. Lead guitarist Dave Mustaine, who went on to found Megadeth, bassists Ron McGovney (demos only), Cliff Burton (the first three records, died in 1986), and Jason Newsted (from 1987 to 2001) are former members of the band. The band's current line-up includes founders Hetfield (vocals, rhythm guitar) and Ulrich (drums), longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett, and bassist Robert Trujillo, who joined the band in 2003. The band has won nine Grammy Awards and five of its albums have consecutively debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. Robert Trujillo, who later joined Metallica in 2003, plays bass on two tracks. And Justice for All (1988), are featured. Songs from Kill Em All (1983) all the way to Metallica (1991), with the exception of. Welcome Home (Sanitarium) was based on Ken Keseys novel One Flew Over. Metallica was formed in 1981 when James Hetfield responded to an advertisement posted by drummer Lars Ulrich in a local newspaper.Metallica has released nine studio albums, four live albums, five extended plays, 26 music videos, and 37 singles. It features Metallica covers played not by formal bands, but collaborations between musicians from several bands. Master of Puppets is the third studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica. Metallica - Sanitarium (Almost Official Music Video) Almost Official 13.5K subscribers Subscribe 41K Share 3.1M views 6 years ago My hardest work ever. The band's fast tempos, instrumentals, and aggressive musicianship placed them as one of the founding "big four" bands of thrash metal, alongside Slayer, Megadeth, and Anthrax. If you believe that any review contained on our site infringes upon your copyright, please email us.Metallica is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California. All submitted reviews become the licensed property of Sheet Music Plus and are subject to all laws pertaining thereto.If you have any suggestions or comments on the guidelines, please email us. We cannot post your review if it violates these guidelines. The post Metallica Play Second Show of No Repeat M72 World Tour: Video and Setlist appeared first on Consequence.Avoid disclosing contact information (email addresses, phone numbers, etc.), or including URLs, time-sensitive material or alternative ordering information. Please do not use inappropriate language, including profanity, vulgarity, or obscenity. Metallica - Welcome Home (Sanitarium) Welcome to where time stands still No one leaves and no one will Moon is full, never seems to change Just labeled.
* follow the instructions at: Earth Engine APIĬp -r ee ~/Downloads/earthengine-api-c66a3384c26e/python/examples/AppEngine/hello_world/ httplib2Ĭp -r httplib2/python2/httplib2 ~/Downloads/earthengine-api-c66a3384c26e/python/examples/AppEngine/hello_world/ pycrypto (even if already installed installed) Installation of Dependencies oauth2clientĬp -r google-api-python-client/oauth2client ~/Downloads/earthengine-api-c66a3384c26e/python/examples/AppEngine/hello_world/ Earth Engine API (if not already installed) Let's deal with the dependencies together: You need to take care of those first! (That tripped me up!)Ĭd ~/Downloads/earthengine-api-c66a3384c26e/python/examples/AppEngine/hello_world NOTE: the dependencies are listed at the bottom of the README file. Read everything carefully BEFORE you start doing anything! Find and read the README.txt file CAREFULLY! Then come back to here when you feel ready 1. If you are intimidated by "Hard", try this easy version first, Hello World (Easy) This is the example we are going to implement here. Python3 $CLOUD_SDK_ROOT/bin/dev_appserver.Google Earth Engine/App Engine Hello World example Ssh: Įxport CLOUDSDK_DEVAPPSERVER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python2.7 User Config Directory: Īctive Configuration Path: ĭisable_usage_reporting: (property file) Sudo apt-get install google-cloud-cli-datastore-emulator Sudo apt-get install google-cloud-cli-app-engine-python-extras Sudo apt-get install google-cloud-cli-app-engine-python Sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates gnupgĮcho "deb cloud-sdk main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt//google-cloud-sdk.listĬurl | sudo apt-key -keyring /usr/share/keyrings/ add. python 2 was not installed separately, as it gets installed by gcloud python 3 as comes with ubuntu, version 3.10.6 google appengine standard environment, python3.10 Raise exception('%s must not be empty.' % name) ValidateString(app, 'app', datastore_errors.BadArgumentError)įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/datastore_types.py", line 186, in ValidateString Self._app = datastore_types.ResolveAppId(_app)įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/datastore_types.py", line 238, in ResolveAppId Return sorted()įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/ext/db/_init_.py", line 2077, in runįile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/ext/db/_init_.py", line 2482, in _get_queryįile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/datastore.py", line 1371, in _init_ Return self.handle_exception(e, )įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/lib/webapp2/webapp2/_init_.py", line 586, in dispatchįile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/devappserver2/admin/datastore_viewer.py", line 661, in getįile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/devappserver2/admin/datastore_viewer.py", line 597, in _get_kinds Super(AdminRequestHandler, self).dispatch()įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/lib/webapp2/webapp2/_init_.py", line 588, in dispatch Return route.handler_adapter(request, response)įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/lib/webapp2/webapp2/_init_.py", line 1094, in _call_įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/devappserver2/admin/admin_request_handler.py", line 88, in dispatch Rv = (request, response)įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/lib/webapp2/webapp2/_init_.py", line 1270, in default_dispatcher Rv = self.handle_exception(request, response, e)įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/lib/webapp2/webapp2/_init_.py", line 1520, in _call_ The server has either erred or is incapable of performing the requested operation.įile "/usr/lib/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/lib/webapp2/webapp2/_init_.py", line 1526, in _call_
Systems that at first glance seem vastly different-ant colonies, human brains, cities, immune systems-all turn out to follow the rules of emergence. It's a bottom-up model rather than being engineered by a general or a master planner, emergence begins at the ground level. (2001) say, “Emergence refers to a process by which a system of interacting subunits acquires qualitatively new properties that cannot be understood as the simple addition of their individual contributions.” Johnson (1999) says, “Emergence is what happens when an interconnected system of relatively simple elements self-organizes to form more intelligent, more adaptive higher-level behavior. Similarly, fish schooling would not be predicted form the swimming characteristics of a single fish. It is only when several geese fly together that the V-pattern emerges. The V-formation of geese, for example, could not be predicted from the flying characteristics of a single goose. These emergent properties develop as result of the relationships among the system elements or between the system elements and the environment. Emergence Natural patterns are usually emergent-that is, they are properties of the system that cannot be predicted from the properties of the system’s components. Combination physical-temporal patterns include traffic jams, birds flocking, and fish schooling. Temporal patterns are exemplified by predator-prey populations over time, Newton’s cradle, my boss being grouchy every Thursday, and the spawning runs of salmon every autumn. Examples of physical patterns include stripes on zebras, crystals, sand dunes ripples, compound fly eyes, and termite cathedrals. Patterns may be physical, temporal, behavioral, psychological, or some combination. Patterns defines a pattern as a consistent and recurring characteristic or trait that helps in the identification of a phenomenon or problem, and serves as an indicator or model for predicting its future behavior. Each of these concepts is explained in greater detail in the following sections. Good systems thinkers try to first recognize and then explain patterns by attempting to understand the underlying structures and forces that yield the patterns. To reiterate, natural patterns (often emergent) are caused by self-organized structures (feedback loops, hierarchies) and their underlying forces. There may be unintended consequences of the structures, as well: an unsavory employee may attempt to take credit for work that she did not do in order to increase her own compensation. In a corporation, the underlying mental model that “money motivates employees” results in an incentive compensation structure which, in turn, results in a pattern of excellent performance in some employees. The Iceberg Model for Natural Systems (after Monat and Gannon, 2015a)įor example, the underlying forces of gravity and centrifugal force result in the structure of the solar system, which in turn results in patterns of day and night on planets, the patterns of planetary orbits around the sun, and the patterns of seasons on earth. The Iceberg Model conveniently shows the relationships among events, patterns, structures, and underlying forces (Figure 1).įigure 1. Structures develop because of natural underlying forces in natural systems or because of mental models in human-designed systems. The underlying structures represent the interactions or relationships among system components: the system’s stocks, flows, and feedback loops. The patterns are often emergent, meaning that they cannot be predicted from knowledge of the system components only when those components interact do the patterns emerge. Systems Thinking posits that repeated events or objects represent patterns and that those patterns are caused by systemic structure, which is (in turn) caused by underlying forces. The explanation begins with the Iceberg Model. In this paper, we describe how Systems Thinking can explain a great many natural patterns in the world: why zebras have stripes, why geese fly in a V-formation, why fish school, why the universe looks as it does, and how life began on earth. In those previous works, Monat and Gannon have shown how Systems Thinking can explain and address political and socio-economic issues. It focuses on relationships among system components (as opposed to the components themselves), it is holistic instead of analytic, it recognizes that systems are dynamic and usually include multiple feedback loops, and it acknowledges that systems often exhibit emergent and self-organizing behaviors. Introduction: Systems Thinking According to Monat and Gannon (2015a and b, 2017) Systems Thinking is a perspective, a language, and a set of tools. Manet portrayed his subjects in a seemingly spontaneous and carefree manner. His artworks feature a variety of subjects, from friends and family to his fashionable contemporaries, such as famous actresses, bourgeoisie women, and models. Manet’s portraits are evocative and sentimental, transporting the viewer many decades back in time. At the time, art critics were scandalized by Olympia ‘s boldness, advising pregnant women to avoid the picture! To them, Olympia was an unfinished profane painting. The artist challenged the academic tradition and painted with strong, definitive brushstrokes, rendering the harsh lighting which embeds the composition. Manet was inspired by Titian’s Venus of Urbino and Goya’s Maja Desnuda. Even more so, her name, Olympia, was associated in the 19th century with prostitution. Several details in the picture indicate that the attractive femme is a sex worker: the slippers she wears in bed, the luscious silk flower behind her ear, her jewelry (the bracelet and pearls), and even the fragrant bouquet - a gift from her patron. A servant brings her a bouquet, while in the far right corner, a black kitten seems to stretch at Olympia’s feet. The painting depicts a naked woman casually resting on an unmade bed, her look piercing the canvas. Surprisingly, Manet’s Olympia was accepted in 1865 by the esteemed Salon. Some art historians believe that the impressive female nude is Victorine Meurent, possibly Manet’s favorite model, who frequently posed for his projects, including for the famous Olympia. Masterfully, Manet included three genres of portraiture, landscape, and still life in one single artwork. The two men are fully clothed, however, one of the women wears a revealing dress, while the other is nude. In this painting, the artist portrayed four people having a picnic in nature. At the time, although widespread but rarely admitted, sex workers used to meet with their clients in French parks. The painting stirred both laughter and harsh critiques from the public, which was deeply alarmed by the mundane setting in which such a scene took place. Therefore, Le déjeuner sur l’herbe debuted at the Salon des Refusés (Salon of the Rejected), a parallel exhibition initiated by Emperor Napoleon III, where all of the artworks rejected by the Salon have been exhibited. That year, the jury was ruthless, rejecting over half of the submissions. The jury of the Salon rejected in 1863 Manet’s first major controversial masterpiece, Luncheon on the Grass ( Le déjeuner sur l’herbe). Some of his paintings were very controversial. The caption commented, 'The poor things, seeing themselves painted like this, have tried to escape! In anticipation, he has put in a railing that cuts off all possibiity of retreat.2. "One of the first cartoons to appear, drawn by Cham for the comic journal Le Charivari, called the picture The Lady with a Seal. It's hard to imagine now, but this painting caused quite the furor when it first appeared in the Salon. The railroad, with its powerful steam engines, became a fascination for many Impressionist artists. A thoroughly modern image, it confounds traditional expectations about subject and narrative in order to present a new and dynamic vision of the contemporary city." "The Railway is among Manet’s most beautiful and enigmatic paintings. Gift of Horace Havemeyer in memory of his mother, Louisine W. National Gallery - Manet, The Railway The Railway |